Introduction Financial inclusion, or the ability of individuals and businesses to access affordable financial services such as credit, savings, insurance, and payment systems, is often seen as a charitable initiative…
1. Introduction Iraq's labor market is facing significant challenges, including high youth unemployment, a mismatch between education and job market needs, and an overreliance on public sector employment. Despite Iraq's…
The Importance of SME Financing for Post-Conflict Recovery Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the backbone of most economies, generating 50-60% of employment worldwide (World Bank, 2022). In post-conflict contexts…
The Gender Gap in MENA Economies Women’s economic participation is a critical driver of sustainable development, yet in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, women’s labor force participation…